The New Ice Age: Lessons Learned from the ALS Challenge for Achieving Viral Marketing Success

If you have been online in the past few weeks, you have undoubtedly come across the viral phenomenon that is the “Ice Bucket Challenge”. Videos of people dumping buckets of ice-cold water on themselves, recording the video and posting to social media, and then nominating others to do the same, has taken the Internet by storm. Anyone who refuses to accept the challenge is asked to make a donation to the ALS charity of their choice, and the viral sensation as a whole has also raised significant awareness for ALS, which is often called Lou Gehrig’s disease. Fire up your social media site of choice and you are bound to see video after video of your friends and contacts dousing themselves in ice-cold H20. Even if you are not a big social media user, you have likely seen information on this freezing cold phenomenon as news outlets have gleefully reported on, and posted videos of, celebrities from the worlds of sports, entertainment, business, and more participating in the fun. A recent video even had actor Vin Diesel nominate Russian president Vladimir Putin to take the challenge! It seems as if everyone has happily dumped a bucket of water on their head for charity and good fun. The success of this campaign, which has raised millions of dollars, as well as that aforementioned awareness, for the ALS Association, is an interesting case study in the concept of “viral marketing”. In this article, we will take a look at what this Ice Bucket Challenge can teach us about this type of potentially powerful marketing.

You never know what will go viral.

The concept of the Ice Bucket Challenge is pretty simple. You film yourself doing something silly (and somewhat uncomfortable) and you challenge others you know to do the same. Pretty straightforward – so what makes this such a craze? What does this campaign have that so many other campaigns that were hoping to “go viral” were missing? The truth may actually just be dumb luck, because the reality is that you never know what will find an audience and go viral. Many organizations that try to initiate a viral campaign try many different ideas hoping that they will strike gold with one. They do this because they know that even one viral sensation can be all they need to meet their goals, whether that goal is to raise awareness for a cause like the ALA Association is doing, or to just draw massive attention to a business or a product, similar to what Burger King did many years ago (and what they are trying to do again) with their Subservient Chicken campaign. Viral marketing is really a roll of the dice, but there are some things that can tip the odds in your favor. We can see some of these things at play here in the Ice Bucket Challenge, including the presence of celebrities.

Celebrities sell.

The Ice Bucket challenge has now been taken by celebrities including Bill Gates, Ben Affleck, Justin Timberlake, Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson, Jimmy Fallon, Oprah Winfrey, and Charlie Sheen (who mixed it up by dumping cold hard cash on his head instead of cold water – although he promised to donate all that cash to the ALS Association). The participation of celebrities, who then in turn nominate other celebrities, is absolutely one of the reasons why this Ice Bucket Challenge has blown up the way that it has. Their participation is what has driven news outlets to cover the videos, which prompts others to share those videos on social media. This in turn introduces the campaign to more people, who then do the challenge as well and nominate others. This is the very definition of “going viral”, and these celebs are helping to fuel that success! Compare the Ice Bucket Challenge to another “video for a good cause” from some years back – the Pink Glove Dance. Created by Providence St. Vincent Medical Center in Portland, Oregon, this video of medical staff dancing to raise awareness for breast cancer has been watched almost 14 million times on YouTube. That is amazing by any standard. If you asked any company if they would take 14 million views for one of their online videos and the answer, I am sure, would be a resounding “YES!”. Still, as popular as that video was, it pales in comparison to the reach that this Ice Bucket Challenge has found, largely because of that aforementioned celebrity involvement. So if celebrities can make your viral campaign, how do you go about getting them involved? Well, that’s the trick, you really can’t get them involved, it just has to happen! This is an important factor to realize, because if you are looking at the success of a viral campaign like the Ice Bucket Challenge and thinking, “How can we do something similar”, you need to realize that there is a “lightning in a bottle” aspect to what is happening here. You could do something identical and not find that audience that pushes it to this level. Yes, celebrities can make your viral campaign, but counting on them to participate is not a sound marketing strategy!

There is value in the ridiculous

One of the other factors that has contributed to the success of this campaign is the sheer ridiculousness of the act of dumping cold water on yourself. The Internet loves spectacle and the Ice Bucket Challenge delivers on that count! A successful viral campaign is often over the top and ridiculous. If you are considering trying you hand at a viral campaign, think outside the box and be willing to get a little crazy. When it comes to viral marketing, conservative rarely succeeds.

There is value in helping others.

Another factor helping fuel the success of the Ice Bucket challenge is that all of this silliness is for a great cause. While a viral campaign to promote a company or product may take off, one that is designed to help others has something that those others do not – good will. Doing good for others makes people feel good too. That is a powerful force that you can take advantage of if your viral campaign is for a good cause. With the Ice Bucket Challenge, many of the people who took the challenge also decided to donate to the cause. This combination of silliness and charity is something that has helped make this campaign what is has become.

Make it easy to participate.

Many viral campaigns require other people to get involved. The Ice Bucket Challenge has succeeded because so many people, celebs and normal folk alike, have recorded a video and posted it for the world to see. The key to this audience participation is making it easy to do! Take the example of the Pink Glove Dance again. After that initial video went viral, many other organizations recorded their own Pink Glove Dance videos, but none of them ever came close to matching the success of the original. One of the reasons is because there was not the massive flood of videos that we see happening with the Ice Bucket Challenge. This is absolutely because to the level of effort required to produce one of those dance videos, which includes a cast of dancers, music, editing, etc. Compare that to the Ice Bucket video, which only requires a cell phone camera and a bucket of ice water! By making it easy to join in the fun, the Ice Bucket Challenge has become the viral sensation that we see online now. If the success of your campaign requires others to get involved, make sure that the barrier to them doing so is as small as possible!

In summary

Viral marketing campaigns can raise incredible awareness for your organization, but there is never a guarantee that a campaign will achieve any kind of success, much less the massive reach that we are seeing with the Ice Bucket Challenge. Being willing to take a chance on a potentially viral idea is great and I encourage you to explore those ideas, but you also need to make sure that your entire online strategy does not center on a viral campaign. A well-rounded strategy that may include a viral campaign as one of the pieces, but which also embraces other initiatives as well (search engine ads, email marketing, content marketing/blogging, etc.) is how you will want to proceed. That way, if the viral campaign explodes, then you have the exposure you wanted, but if it fizzles, at least you have other initiatives working towards your online success.

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In It to Pin It: 8 Ways to Win New Customers with Pinterest

A Pinterest-ing development in social media

The results are in and they’re rather stunning: Pinterest is now the third largest social network in the U.S., right behind Facebook and Twitter (Google+ who?). Moreover, a recent study by BlogHer showed that women trust recommendations from Pinterest more than any other platform. Not too shabby for a network that’s barely two years old and still in an invite-only open beta phase.

The basic mechanics of the site are simple. Members (known as “Pinners”) can establish a profile and “pin” all the cool, funny, trendy and inspirational things that they find in their online travels to digital bulletin boards, where images (and their associated links) are bookmarked. Pinners use these boards to visually document anything and everything pertaining to their interests, whether those interests entail fashion, home décor, food, parenting, wedding planning, tech gadgets or cars.

As you’d expect from any social network, pinners can follow each other. They can also “repin” other users’ images as well as like or comment on pins. Naturally, there’s also integration with the other Big Two, with the option to share links to pins on Facebook and Twitter.

More interesting is the question of why the site has caught fire so quickly. The primary reason lies in its anatomy. True to its name, Pinterest creates a highly streamlined experience for its users that is curated according to their interests. Unlike Facebook and Twitter, where users have to sift through every photo and status update from those they follow in a linear fashion, Pinterest users can focus solely on their hobbies without their feeds being cluttered with information that holds no value to them.

The most important question, of course, is how you can harness the power of this explosive new social network to grow your business. To answer that question, here are eight ways you can use Pinterest to win over new customers and fans:

1. Tap into what people love.

Before you dive in, take some time to study the ecosystem and how its members interact. One of the greatest advantages of Pinterest from a marketing perspective is that the community is very open, so it’s easy to see who’s influential in a certain area of interest and what types of content generate the most repins and comments.

By monitoring these trends, you can identify where the best opportunities lie for your brand to create the kind of content that your customers crave.

2. Focus on values, not products.

Think your brand isn’t a good match for an image-driven platform? Don’t be too quick to dismiss your Pinterest potential. Plenty of brands that don’t seem like the most obvious fit for Pinterest – from GE to Kotex – have found creative ways to leverage the platform to engage with customers.

The key is focusing not on your products or services but on the core values that define your brand. Organize your boards around these pillars of your brand and share things there that anyone who shares that common interest or passion would enjoy. Make sure to offer a healthy balance of content that includes your products where relevant but also great stuff from across the Web as well as repins from other users.

Whole Foods Market, for example, has quickly emerged as a Pinterest rock star using this approach. The company’s core values include caring about the community and the environment, promoting healthy eating habits and providing education about good nutrition. Drawing upon these values, they’ve created a diverse collection of boards –ranging from “Who Wants Dinner?” to “Winter Entertaining” to “Super HOT Kitchens” to “We’re Used to Reusing” – where they share content from a wide array of sources that collectively represents the Whole Foods lifestyle.

3. Tell a story in pictures.

Unlike Facebook or Twitter, Pinterest is image-based rather than message-based – which is one of the key reasons for its success. When users scroll through feeds or boards, they’re presented with a simple, uncluttered interface that includes a stream of pictures interrupted just slightly by a brief caption below. As a result, to be successful, it’s important to ensure that the images you pin to your boards tell the story of the content they represent in a visually compelling way.

For example, if you want to share a link to a post from your blog on Pinterest, you need to make sure it includes a powerful image that encapsulates its key theme or message and is also intriguing enough to prompt someone to click through to see the full story.

Keep in mind, too, that when followers re-pin your images, they can change the caption. As a result, it’s important that the images you pin can stand on their own outside the context of your brand’s boards so that they continue to convey your message and values as they are repinned from one board to another.

4. Be a participant, not just a contributor.

Creating boards that offer great curated content organized around your customers’ interests is a good first step. But as with any social network, to get the most out of your presence on Pinterest, you must also listen and engage, not just broadcast.

Repinning other users’ content to your brand’s boards demonstrates that you’re there to do more than push your own agenda by elevating those who have something interesting to offer on your topics of interest. Likewise, following other users’ boards and commenting on others’ pins is an effective relationship-building tactic that can draw new eyes (and potential new customers) to your own boards.

5. Let your customers create content for you.

Pinterest makes it easy to crowdsource content. All you have to do is create group pinboards and invite other users to pin content to those boards – a great way to spark engagement with your brand.

You can also use group pinboards as a springboard for contests where you ask customers to pin pictures of themselves using your products, with prizes for the most creative, innovative or inspiring images. It’s a win-win strategy for both your brand and your customers, as your customers can enjoy a turn in the spotlight while you can promote your products in a tasteful way that’s very palatable to the community.

6. Diversify your boards.

Another element that differentiates Pinterest from Facebook and Twitter is that users have the option to follow specific boards in addition to following users. This means that a user may elect to follow just one or two of your boards rather than everything you post.

While this may initially seem like a disadvantage to you, it’s actually a benefit. Why? Because it means you don’t have to worry about limiting your content to only that which offers the broadest appeal. Instead, you can tailor each board to fit a specialized interest.

Returning to our Whole Foods example, each of their boards is tailored to a fairly narrow area of interest, whether that’s recipes, seasonal entertaining, home décor, DIY projects, gadgets or books. While all of these boards may not appeal to every Whole Foods customer, by providing such a wide array of boards, the brand has greatly increased its chances that every customer can find something that resonates with their interests.

7. Make sure your great content can be found.

If you’re investing the resources required to create and curate interesting content, you want to make sure it can be found by the greatest possible number of customers and potential customers, right? The good news here is that there are tactics you can use to boost your odds.

First, just like Twitter, Pinterest supports hashtags. Tagging each image with the central idea or theme of your board will increase its chances of being found in search. Additionally, the sharing tools built into Pinterest automatically pick up these hashtags and include them when users share your content on Facebook and Twitter.

Also, make sure when possible to form the name of your boards around keywords. For example, West Elm offers home décor boards organized around specific color palettes (“Coral,” “Aquamarine”) and patterns (“Stripes,” “Chevrons”). By naming their boards according to these keywords, West Elm helps lead users who are looking for decorating ideas focused on that color to their boards.

8. Turn pins into traffic.

Don’t overlook the opportunity to use Pinterest to drive traffic to your website. If you pin cool imagery and interesting content from your site to your boards, you’re basically seeding Pinterest with a lot of links back to your site.

You can also add the “Pin It” button to your site right next to your other social sharing buttons in order to make it as easy as possible for visitors to add images from your site directly to their boards.

And if something either you or one of your customers pins happens to become incredibly popular? Think of all the potential clicks back to your site!

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